Study on Phytochemical Profiling of Euphorbia cyathophora Leaf Extracts and Their Potential Antimicrobial, Larvicidal, and Pupicidal Properties Against Earias vittella

Earias vittella is a serious polyphagous agricultural pest that can directly or indirectly damage crops and stored products worldwide. Using synthetic chemicals in control has resulted physiological resistance adverse environmental effects. However, this alternative to plant-based systems ecologically friendly biodegradable. Moreover, Euphorbia cyathophora medicinal plant used for many therapeutic activities. Therefore, the present study aimed at E. leaf extract evaluation of phytochemical, vitro antimicrobial, larvicidal, pupal activity vittella. A preliminary phytochemical screening extracts revealed numerous bioactive components such as alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, terpenoids, anthraquinones, carbohydrates, essential oils. GC-MS analysis different presence 29 phytochemicals. Among tested, methanolic showed highest range growth inhibition against gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus iniae (15 ± 0.26) gram-negative Aeromonas hydrophila (13 0.6), while antifungal Aspergillus flavus (14 0.2) niger (12 0.36) compared other solvent extracts. In addition, bioefficacy E.Cyathophora treated IV instar larvae pupae vittella; however, larval mortality was observed methanol 750 ppm, followed by acetone chloroform Larvicidal LC50 LC90 values: 298.64 ppm (708.14); Acetone 362.61 (848.56), 415.18 (937.31), respectively. Similarly, thepupicidal effect Cyathophora 470.25 (958.01); 527.36 (996.35) 545.55 (997.88). This strongly suggests exhibited significant potential antimicrobial activity, which be development new botanical preparation economic control.